Local Reproducing Kernels on Wedge-Like Domains with Type 2 Edges

Al Boggess and Alexander Nagel

In this paper, we show that holomorphic functions on ``wedge domains'' can be locally represented via an integral against a measure defined on the ``edge of the wedge'' where an ``edge'' is a submanifold M of C^n of real codimension greater than 1. Our edge is required to have ``type 2'', which means that the image of the Levi form sweeps out the normal cross section of the wedge domain.

Our approach is to first study a certain ``model case'' where the edge is a nilpotent Lie group of step 2, and then show that the general case can be obtained by a three stage process which is inspired by Stein's work: (i) we pass from the original object of study to a ``free'' object by adding appropriate variables; (ii) we solve the problem on the freed object by approximating it suitably by the model case; (iii) we return to the orginal object by integrating out the extra variables.

We also apply these local integral representation formulas to the study of H^p functions on wedge domains with a generic type 2 edge. In particular, we prove that H^p functions have admissible limits almost everywhere along the edge, for 0 < p <= infinity, and we obtain a necessary condition for a CR distribution on the edge to be the boundary values of an H^p function.

Full postscript version is available.








Model Rigid CR Submanifolds of CR Dimension 1

Al Boggess, Laura Ann Glenn and Alexander Nagel

In this paper, we discuss models that are appropriate for submanifolds of C^n of high codimension that are of higher type. The analysis of the most general submanifold of higher type is complicated. Here, we focus on the simpler class of rigid submanifolds of higher type where the dimension of the holomorphic tangent space at each point is one. For this class, we discuss three models: a tube-like model that only depends on the real part of the holomorphic tangent coordinate; a radial model that depends on the modulus of the holomorphic tangent coordinate; and a free model which is the most general of our models. As we show, the tube-like and free models have a Lie group structure that are generalizations of the Lie group structure for the boundary of a Siegel domain.

We show that the hull of holomorphy of the tube-like model is its convex hull. We also show that the hull of holomorphy of the more general free model is strictly smaller than its convex hull. This leaves open the interesting question as to the exact nature of the hull of holomorphy of this basic model.








Local Representing Measures for Holomorphic Functions

Al Boggess and Alexander Nagel

This paper is a proceedings conference version of a longer manuscript entitled ``Local Reproducing Kernels on Wedge-Like Domains with Type 2 Edges''. This manuscript was delivered at a conference honoring Eli Stein. In this paper, we show that holomorphic functions on ``wedge domains'' can be locally represented via an integral against a measure defined on the ``edge of the wedge'' where an ``edge'' is a submanifold M of C^n of real codimension greater than 1. Our edge is required to have ``type 2'', which means that the image of the Levi form sweeps out the normal cross section of the wedge domain.

Our approach is to first study a certain ``model case'' where the edge is a nilpotent Lie group of step 2, and then show that the general case can be obtained by a three stage process which is inspired by Stein's work: (i) we pass from the original object of study to a ``free'' object by adding appropriate variables; (ii) we solve the problem on the freed object by approximating it suitably by the model case; (iii) we return to the orginal object by integrating out the extra variables.

We also apply these local integral representation formulas to the study of H^p functions on wedge domains with a generic type 2 edge. In particular, we prove that H^p functions have admissible limits almost everywhere along the edge, for 0 < p <= infinity, and we obtain a necessary condition for a CR distribution on the edge to be the boundary values of an H^p function.

Full postscript version is available.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The Holomorphic Extension of H^p - CR Functions on Tube Submanifolds

Al Boggess

We consider the set of CR functions on a connected tube submanifold of C^n satisfying a uniform bound on the L^p - norm in the tube direction. We show that all such CR functions holomorphically extend to H^p functions on the convex hull of the tube (1 <= p <= infinity). The H^p - norm of the extension is shown to be the same as the uniform L^p - norm in the tube direction of the CR function.

 
 
 
 
 
 

The Holomorphic Extension of CR Functions of class C^k from a Tube Submanifold

Al Boggess

We show that a CR function of class C^k, $0 <= k <= infinity, on a tube submanifold of C^n holomorphically extends to the convex hull of the submanifold. The extension and all its derivatives through order k are shown to have nontangential pointwise boundary values on the original tube submanifold. The C^k - norm of the extension is shown to be no bigger than the C^k - norm of the original CR function.

 





 
 
 
 

CR Extension for L^p CR Functions on a Quadric Submanifold of C^n

Al Boggess

We consider the space, CR^p (M), consisting of CR functions which also lie in L^p(M) on a quadric submanifold M of C^n of codimension at least one. For 1 <= p <= infty, we prove that each element in CR^p(M) extends uniquely to an H^p function on the interior of the convex hull of M. As part of the proof, we establish a semi-global version of the CR approximation theorem of Baouendi and Treves for submanifolds which are graphs and whose graphing functions have polynomial growth. AMS Classification Numbers 32, 42 and 43.












CR Approximation on a Non-rigid Hypersurface Graph in Cn

Al Boggess and Roman Dwilewicz

Let M be a hypersurface in Cn that is the graph over a (2n-1)-real dimensional linear space. The main result of the paper is that any CR function on M can be uniformly approximated on compact subsets by entire functions on Cn.










Global Approximation of CR Functions on Bloom-Graham Model Graphs in Cn

Al Boggess and Daniel Jupiter

We define a class of submanifolds of Cn, of higher codimension, which are graphs, and where the graphing function is independent of some of the real coordinates. This class is said to be of Bloom-Graham type since the leading order terms of the Bloom-Graham normal form have a similar description. This class contains the set of all rigid graphs. We show that if the graphing function has polynomial growth, then continuous CR functions on a graph of Bloom-Graham type can be globally approximated, uniformly on compact sets by entire functions.







CR Runge Sets on Hypersurface Graphs in Cn

Al Boggess, Roman Dwilewicz, and Daniel Jupiter

This work contains a refinement of earlier results of Boggess and Dwilewicz regarding global approximation of CR functions by entire functions in the case of hypersurface graphs. In this work, we show that if $\omega$, an open subset of a real hypersurface in Cn, can be graphed over a convex subset in R2n-1, then $\omega$ is CR-Runge in the sense that continuous CR functions on $\omega$ can be approximated by entire functions on Cn in the compact open topology of $\omega$.









Calculation for the Fundamental Solution to the Heat Equation on the Heisenberg Group

Al Boggess and Andy Raich

Let $\cLg = -1/4 \left( \sum_{j=1}^n(X_j^2+Y_j^2)+i\gamma T \right)$ where $\gamma \in \C$, and $X_j, \ Y_j$ and $T$ are the left invariant vector fields of the Heisenberg group structure for $\R^n \times \R^n \times \R$. We explicitly compute the Fourier transform (in the spatial variables) of the fundamental solution of the Heat Equation $\p_s\rho = -\cLg\rho$. As a consequence, we have a simplified computation of the Fourier transform of the fundamental solution of the $\Box_b$-heat equation on the Heisenberg group and an explicit kernel of the heat equation associated to the weighted $\dbar$-operator in $\C^n$ with weight $\exp(-\tau P(z_1,\dots,z_n))$ where $P(z_1,\dots,z_n) = \frac 12(|\Imm z_1|^2 + \cdots |\Imm z_n|^2)$ and $\tau\in\R$.



















































Advanced Placement Calculus Booklet for High School Teachers

Al Boggess

This booklet is an outgrowth of summer workshops for Advanced Placement Calculus high school teachers that I taught in the summers of 1994 and 1995. I have two goals for this booklet. The first is to explain some of the highlights of calculus, using the graphing calculator, where appropriate, as a teaching aid. The second goal is to provide a set of problems, some of which use the graphing calculator as a tool to help with graphics or computations that may be cumbersome to do by hand.

This booklet is not intended to replace a standard calculus book, but rather to enhance it. My goal is to state the central ideas that are at the heart of some of the more important concepts of calculus at the level of the AB advanced placement calculus curriculum. Standard calculus books also contain the ideas in this booklet. However a published book includes additional material for completeness which sometimes muddles the central ideas at hand. In addition, some of the problems involving the calculator are somewhat novel and may not appear in many of the standard texts. The problems in the booklet vary from the routine to the quite difficult. Most of the more difficult problems are at the very end in the {\em Challenge Problems} section. In addition, there are some ideas for extended project ideas in section VIII for your students to work over a longer period of time than what would be required for routine homework problems.

Table of Contents

Complete Postscript version is available.