# SECTION 9.5# Example 1with(linalg);Warning, the name GramSchmidt has been rebound NiM3XnIlLkJsb2NrRGlhZ29uYWxHJSxHcmFtU2NobWlkdEclLEpvcmRhbkJsb2NrRyUpTFVkZWNvbXBHJSlRUmRlY29tcEclKldyb25za2lhbkclJ2FkZGNvbEclJ2FkZHJvd0clJGFkakclKGFkam9pbnRHJSZhbmdsZUclKGF1Z21lbnRHJShiYWNrc3ViRyUlYmFuZEclJmJhc2lzRyUnYmV6b3V0RyUsYmxvY2ttYXRyaXhHJShjaGFybWF0RyUpY2hhcnBvbHlHJSljaG9sZXNreUclJGNvbEclJ2NvbGRpbUclKWNvbHNwYWNlRyUoY29sc3BhbkclKmNvbXBhbmlvbkclJ2NvbmNhdEclJWNvbmRHJSljb3B5aW50b0clKmNyb3NzcHJvZEclJWN1cmxHJSlkZWZpbml0ZUclKGRlbGNvbHNHJShkZWxyb3dzRyUkZGV0RyUlZGlhZ0clKGRpdmVyZ2VHJShkb3Rwcm9kRyUqZWlnZW52YWxzRyUsZWlnZW52YWx1ZXNHJS1laWdlbnZlY3RvcnNHJStlaWdlbnZlY3RzRyUsZW50ZXJtYXRyaXhHJSZlcXVhbEclLGV4cG9uZW50aWFsRyUnZXh0ZW5kRyUsZmZnYXVzc2VsaW1HJSpmaWJvbmFjY2lHJStmb3J3YXJkc3ViRyUqZnJvYmVuaXVzRyUqZ2F1c3NlbGltRyUqZ2F1c3Nqb3JkRyUoZ2VuZXFuc0clKmdlbm1hdHJpeEclJWdyYWRHJSloYWRhbWFyZEclKGhlcm1pdGVHJShoZXNzaWFuRyUoaGlsYmVydEclK2h0cmFuc3Bvc2VHJSlpaGVybWl0ZUclKmluZGV4ZnVuY0clKmlubmVycHJvZEclKWludGJhc2lzRyUoaW52ZXJzZUclJ2lzbWl0aEclKmlzc2ltaWxhckclJ2lzemVyb0clKWphY29iaWFuRyUnam9yZGFuRyUna2VybmVsRyUqbGFwbGFjaWFuRyUqbGVhc3RzcXJzRyUpbGluc29sdmVHJSdtYXRhZGRHJSdtYXRyaXhHJSZtaW5vckclKG1pbnBvbHlHJSdtdWxjb2xHJSdtdWxyb3dHJSltdWx0aXBseUclJW5vcm1HJSpub3JtYWxpemVHJSpudWxsc3BhY2VHJSdvcnRob2dHJSpwZXJtYW5lbnRHJSZwaXZvdEclKnBvdGVudGlhbEclK3JhbmRtYXRyaXhHJStyYW5kdmVjdG9yRyUlcmFua0clKHJhdGZvcm1HJSRyb3dHJSdyb3dkaW1HJSlyb3dzcGFjZUclKHJvd3NwYW5HJSVycmVmRyUqc2NhbGFybXVsRyUtc2luZ3VsYXJ2YWxzRyUmc21pdGhHJSxzdGFja21hdHJpeEclKnN1Ym1hdHJpeEclKnN1YnZlY3RvckclKXN1bWJhc2lzRyUoc3dhcGNvbEclKHN3YXByb3dHJSpzeWx2ZXN0ZXJHJSl0b2VwbGl0ekclJnRyYWNlRyUqdHJhbnNwb3NlRyUsdmFuZGVybW9uZGVHJSp2ZWNwb3RlbnRHJSh2ZWN0ZGltRyUndmVjdG9yRyUqd3JvbnNraWFuRw==A := matrix([[2,-3],[1,-2]]);NiM+JSJBR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzckNyQiIiMhIiQ3JCIiIiEiI1EocHByaW50MDYiI2 := matrix([[1,0],[0,1]]);# 2 by 2 identity matrixNiM+JSNJMkdLJSdtYXRyaXhHNiM3JDckIiIiIiIhNyRGK0YqUShwcHJpbnQxNiI=# Use I, as in text:interface(imaginaryunit=j); #Changes I from a reserved symbol to a valid variable nameNiNeIyIiIg==I := evalm(I2);NiM+JSJJR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzckNyQiIiIiIiE3JEYrRipRKHBwcmludDI2Ig==A-r*I;NiMsJiUiQUciIiIqJiUickdGJSUiSUdGJSEiIg==evalm(%);NiNLJSdtYXRyaXhHNiM3JDckLCYiIiMiIiIlInJHISIiISIkNyRGKiwmRilGLEYrRixRKHBwcmludDM2Ig==det(%);NiMsJiIiIiEiIiokKSUickciIiNGJEYksolve(%,r);NiQiIiIhIiI=# Solve for eigenvectors:r1 := 1:evalm(A-r1*I);NiNLJSdtYXRyaXhHNiM3JDckIiIiISIkRidRKHBwcmludDQ2Ig==u := vector(2);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiIzci(A-r1*I)&*u; NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiUiSUchIiIlInVHevalm(%);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCwmJiUidUc2IyIiIkYrKiYiIiRGKyZGKTYjIiIjRishIiJGJ1EocHByaW50NTYieq := %[1] = 0;NiM+JSNlcUcvLCYmJSJ1RzYjIiIiRioqJiIiJEYqJkYoNiMiIiNGKiEiIiIiIQ==u[2] := s;NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIyUic0c=u[1] := solve(eq,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiwkKiYiIiRGJyUic0dGJ0Ynu1 := evalm(u);NiM+JSN1MUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCwkKiYiIiQiIiIlInNHRixGLEYtUShwcHJpbnQ2NiI=r2 := -1;NiM+JSNyMkchIiI=u := vector(2);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiIzci(A-r2*I)&*u;NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiUiSUdGKCUidUc=evalm(%);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCwmKiYiIiQiIiImJSJ1RzYjRipGKkYqKiZGKUYqJkYsNiMiIiNGKiEiIiwmRitGKkYvRjJRKHBwcmludDc2Ig==eq := %[1] = 0;NiM+JSNlcUcvLCYqJiIiJCIiIiYlInVHNiNGKUYpRikqJkYoRikmRis2IyIiI0YpISIiIiIhu[2] := s;NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIyUic0c=u[1] := solve(eq,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiUic0c=u2 := evalm(u);NiM+JSN1MkdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCUic0dGKVEocHByaW50ODYi# Example 2A := matrix([[1,2,-1],[1,0,1],[4,-4,5]]);NiM+JSJBR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzclNyUiIiIiIiMhIiI3JUYqIiIhRio3JSIiJSEiJSIiJlEpcHByaW50MTE2Ig==I := matrix([[1,0,0],[0,1,0],[0,0,1]]);NiM+JSJJR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzclNyUiIiIiIiFGKzclRitGKkYrNyVGK0YrRipRKXBwcmludDEyNiI=# Alternatively, we can obtain I as follows:?Idwith(Student[LinearAlgebra]);Warning, the name GramSchmidt has been rebound 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Id(3);NiMtJSdSVEFCTEVHNiUiKl9fXk8iLSUnTUFUUklYRzYjNyU3JSIiIiIiIUYtNyVGLUYsRi03JUYtRi1GLCUnTWF0cml4Rw==I := %;NiM+JSJJRy0lJ1JUQUJMRUc2JSIqX19eTyItJSdNQVRSSVhHNiM3JTclIiIiIiIhRi83JUYvRi5GLzclRi9GL0YuJSdNYXRyaXhHA-r*I;NiMsJiUiQUciIiItJSdSVEFCTEVHNiUiKl9xZk4iLSUnTUFUUklYRzYjNyU3JSwkJSJyRyEiIiIiIUYyNyVGMkYvRjI3JUYyRjJGLyUnTWF0cml4R0Ylevalm(%);NiNLJSdtYXRyaXhHNiM3JTclLCYiIiJGKSUickchIiIiIiNGKzclRiksJEYqRitGKTclIiIlISIlLCYiIiZGKUYqRitRKXBwcmludDEzNiI=det(%)=0;NiMvLCoqJiIjNiIiIiUickdGJyEiIiomIiInRicpRigiIiNGJ0YnRitGJyokKUYoIiIkRidGKSIiIQ==factor(%);NiMvLCQqKCwmJSJyRyIiIkYoISIiRigsJkYnRigiIiNGKUYoLCZGJ0YoIiIkRilGKEYpIiIhsolve(%%,r);NiUiIiIiIiMiIiQ=r1 := 1;NiM+JSNyMUciIiI=u := vector(3);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiJDci(A-r1*I)&*u;NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiUiSUchIiIlInVHeq := evalm(%);NiM+JSNlcUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwmKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRitGLEYsJkYuNiMiIiQhIiIsKCZGLjYjRixGLEYtRjNGMEYsLCgqJiIiJUYsRjVGLEYsKiZGOUYsRi1GLEYzKiZGOUYsRjBGLEYsUSlwcHJpbnQzMDYieq1 := eq[1]=0; eq2 := eq[2]=0; eq3 := eq[3]=0; NiM+JSRlcTFHLywmKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRihGKUYpJkYrNiMiIiQhIiIiIiE=NiM+JSRlcTJHLywoJiUidUc2IyIiIkYqJkYoNiMiIiMhIiImRig2IyIiJEYqIiIhNiM+JSRlcTNHLywoKiYiIiUiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKUYpKiZGKEYpJkYrNiMiIiNGKSEiIiomRihGKSZGKzYjIiIkRilGKSIiIQ==# Interchange equations 1 and 2:temp := eq2; eq2 := eq1; eq1 := temp; NiM+JSV0ZW1wRy8sKCYlInVHNiMiIiJGKiZGKDYjIiIjISIiJkYoNiMiIiRGKiIiIQ==NiM+JSRlcTJHLywmKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRihGKUYpJkYrNiMiIiQhIiIiIiE=NiM+JSRlcTFHLywoJiUidUc2IyIiIkYqJkYoNiMiIiMhIiImRig2IyIiJEYqIiIheq1;eq2;eq3;NiMvLCgmJSJ1RzYjIiIiRigmRiY2IyIiIyEiIiZGJjYjIiIkRigiIiE=NiMvLCYqJiIiIyIiIiYlInVHNiNGJkYnRicmRik2IyIiJCEiIiIiIQ==NiMvLCgqJiIiJSIiIiYlInVHNiNGJ0YnRicqJkYmRicmRik2IyIiI0YnISIiKiZGJkYnJkYpNiMiIiRGJ0YnIiIheq3 := eq3 - 4*eq1;NiM+JSRlcTNHLyIiIUYmeq1;eq2;eq3;NiMvLCgmJSJ1RzYjIiIiRigmRiY2IyIiIyEiIiZGJjYjIiIkRigiIiE=NiMvLCYqJiIiIyIiIiYlInVHNiNGJkYnRicmRik2IyIiJCEiIiIiIQ==NiMvIiIhRiQ=u[2] := s; NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIyUic0c=u[3] := solve(eq2,u[3]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiJCwkKiYiIiMiIiIlInNHRitGKw==u[1] := solve(eq1,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiwkJSJzRyEiIg==u1 := evalm(u);NiM+JSN1MUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwkJSJzRyEiIkYqLCQqJiIiIyIiIkYqRi9GL1EpcHByaW50MzE2Ig==r2 := 2;NiM+JSNyMkciIiM=u := vector(3);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiJDci(A-r2*I)&*u;NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiomIiIjRiglIklHRighIiIlInVHeq := evalm(%);NiM+JSNlcUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwoJiUidUc2IyIiIiEiIiomIiIjRi0mRis2I0YwRi1GLSZGKzYjIiIkRi4sKEYqRi0qJkYwRi1GMUYtRi5GM0YtLCgqJiIiJUYtRipGLUYtKiZGOkYtRjFGLUYuKiZGNUYtRjNGLUYtUSlwcHJpbnQzMzYieq1 := eq[1]=0; eq2 := eq[2]=0; eq3 := eq[3]=0; NiM+JSRlcTFHLywoJiUidUc2IyIiIiEiIiomIiIjRiomRig2I0YtRipGKiZGKDYjIiIkRisiIiE=NiM+JSRlcTJHLywoJiUidUc2IyIiIkYqKiYiIiNGKiZGKDYjRixGKiEiIiZGKDYjIiIkRioiIiE=NiM+JSRlcTNHLywoKiYiIiUiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKUYpKiZGKEYpJkYrNiMiIiNGKSEiIiomIiIkRikmRis2I0YzRilGKSIiIQ==# Solving by using elementary row operations (Gaussian elimination):eq2 := eq2 + eq1; NiM+JSRlcTJHLyIiIUYmeq3 := eq3 +4*eq1;NiM+JSRlcTNHLywmKiYiIiUiIiImJSJ1RzYjIiIjRilGKSZGKzYjIiIkISIiIiIheq1;eq2;eq3;NiMvLCgmJSJ1RzYjIiIiISIiKiYiIiNGKCZGJjYjRitGKEYoJkYmNiMiIiRGKSIiIQ==NiMvIiIhRiQ=NiMvLCYqJiIiJSIiIiYlInVHNiMiIiNGJ0YnJkYpNiMiIiQhIiIiIiE=u[2] := s;NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIyUic0c=u[3] := solve(eq3,u[3]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiJCwkKiYiIiUiIiIlInNHRitGKw==u[1] := solve(eq1,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiwkKiYiIiNGJyUic0dGJyEiIg==u2 := evalm(u);NiM+JSN1MkdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwkKiYiIiMiIiIlInNHRiwhIiJGLSwkKiYiIiVGLEYtRixGLFEpcHByaW50MzQ2Ig==r3 := 3;NiM+JSNyM0ciIiQ=u := vector(3);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiJDci(A-r3*I)&*u;NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiomIiIkRiglIklHRighIiIlInVHeq := evalm(%);NiM+JSNlcUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRixGLCEiIiomRitGLCZGLjYjRitGLEYsJkYuNiMiIiRGMCwoRi1GLComRjZGLEYyRixGMEY0RiwsKComIiIlRixGLUYsRiwqJkY7RixGMkYsRjAqJkYrRixGNEYsRixRKXBwcmludDM1NiI=eq1 := eq[1]=0; eq2 := eq[2]=0; eq3 := eq[3]=0;NiM+JSRlcTFHLywoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKSEiIiomRihGKSZGKzYjRihGKUYpJkYrNiMiIiRGLSIiIQ==NiM+JSRlcTJHLywoJiUidUc2IyIiIkYqKiYiIiRGKiZGKDYjIiIjRiohIiImRig2I0YsRioiIiE=NiM+JSRlcTNHLywoKiYiIiUiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKUYpKiZGKEYpJkYrNiMiIiNGKSEiIiomRjBGKSZGKzYjIiIkRilGKSIiIQ==# Solving as before:eq2 := eq2 +eq1/2;NiM+JSRlcTJHLywmKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRihGKSEiIiomI0YpRihGKSZGKzYjIiIkRilGKSIiIQ==eq3 := eq3 + 2*eq1;NiM+JSRlcTNHLyIiIUYmeq1 := eq1 + eq2;NiM+JSRlcTFHLywmKiYjIiIiIiIjRikmJSJ1RzYjIiIkRikhIiIqJkYqRikmRiw2I0YpRilGLyIiIQ==eq1;eq2;eq3;NiMvLCYqJiMiIiIiIiNGJyYlInVHNiMiIiRGJyEiIiomRihGJyZGKjYjRidGJ0YtIiIhNiMvLCYqJiIiIyIiIiYlInVHNiNGJkYnISIiKiYjRidGJkYnJkYpNiMiIiRGJ0YnIiIhNiMvIiIhRiQ=u[2] := s;NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIyUic0c=u[3] := solve(eq2,u[3]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiJCwkKiYiIiUiIiIlInNHRitGKw==u[1] := solve(eq1,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiwkJSJzRyEiIg==u3 := evalm(u);NiM+JSN1M0dLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwkJSJzRyEiIkYqLCQqJiIiJSIiIkYqRi9GL1EpcHByaW50MzY2Ig==# Here's another way to find the eigenvalue-eigenvector pairs:eigenvects(A);NiU3JSIiJCIiIjwjSyUndmVjdG9yRzYjNyUhIiJGJSIiJVEpcHByaW50Mzc2IjclIiIjRiU8I0tGKDYjNyUhIiNGJUYsUSlwcHJpbnQzOEYuNyVGJUYlPCNLRig2IzclRitGJUYwUSlwcHJpbnQzOUYu# Example 3A := matrix([[2,-3],[1,-2]]);NiM+JSJBR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzckNyQiIiMhIiQ3JCIiIiEiI1EpcHByaW50NDA2Ig==eigenvects(A);NiQ3JSIiIkYkPCNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCIiJEYkUSlwcHJpbnQ0MTYiNyUhIiJGJDwjS0YnNiM3JEYkRiRRKXBwcmludDQyRiw=x := c1*exp(1*t)*[3,1] + c2 *exp(-1*t)*[1,1];NiM+JSJ4RywmKiglI2MxRyIiIi0lJGV4cEc2IyUidEdGKDckIiIkRihGKEYoKiglI2MyR0YoLUYqNiMsJEYsISIiRig3JEYoRihGKEYo# Check that dx/dt = Ax:dxdt := map(diff,x,t);NiM+JSVkeGR0RywuKiYtJSRleHBHNiMlInRHIiIiNyQiIiFGLUYrRisqKCUjYzFHRitGJ0YrNyQiIiRGK0YrRisqKEYvRitGJ0YrRixGK0YrKiYtRig2IywkRiohIiJGK0YsRitGKyooJSNjMkdGK0Y0Ris3JEYrRitGK0Y3KihGOUYrRjRGK0YsRitGKw==evalm(%);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCwmKigiIiQiIiIlI2MxR0YqLSUkZXhwRzYjJSJ0R0YqRioqJiUjYzJHRiotRi02IywkRi8hIiJGKkY1LCYqJkYrRipGLEYqRipGMEY1USlwcHJpbnQ0NTYievalm(A&*x);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JCwmKigiIiQiIiIlI2MxR0YqLSUkZXhwRzYjJSJ0R0YqRioqJiUjYzJHRiotRi02IywkRi8hIiJGKkY1LCYqJkYrRipGLEYqRipGMEY1USlwcHJpbnQ0NjYi# Example 4x := c1*exp(t)*[-1,1,2] + c2*exp(2*t)*[-2,1,4] + c3*exp(3*t)*[-1,1,4];NiM+JSJ4RywoKiglI2MxRyIiIi0lJGV4cEc2IyUidEdGKDclISIiRigiIiNGKEYoKiglI2MyR0YoLUYqNiMsJComRi9GKEYsRihGKEYoNyUhIiNGKCIiJUYoRigqKCUjYzNHRigtRio2IywkKiYiIiRGKEYsRihGKEYoNyVGLkYoRjhGKEYosubs(t=0,%);NiMsKCooJSNjMUciIiItJSRleHBHNiMiIiFGJjclISIiRiYiIiNGJkYmKiglI2MyR0YmRidGJjclISIjRiYiIiVGJkYmKiglI2MzR0YmRidGJjclRixGJkYyRiZGJg==evalm(%) = [-1,0,0];NiMvSyUndmVjdG9yRzYjNyUsKCUjYzFHISIiKiYiIiMiIiIlI2MyR0YtRiolI2MzR0YqLChGKUYtRi5GLUYvRi0sKComRixGLUYpRi1GLSomIiIlRi1GLkYtRi0qJkY0Ri1GL0YtRi1RKXBwcmludDQ3NiI3JUYqIiIhRjk=B := matrix([[-1,-2,-1],[1,1,1],[2,4,4]]);NiM+JSJCR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzclNyUhIiIhIiNGKjclIiIiRi1GLTclIiIjIiIlRjBRKXBwcmludDQ4NiI=b := [-1,0,0];NiM+JSJiRzclISIiIiIhRic=# Use Maple's linsolve command to solve Bc=b:linsolve(B,b);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSIiISIiIiEiIlEpcHByaW50NDk2Ig==subs({c1=0,c2=1,c3=-1},x); evalm(%);NiMsKComLSUkZXhwRzYjJSJ0RyIiIjclIiIhRitGK0YpRikqJi1GJjYjLCQqJiIiI0YpRihGKUYpRik3JSEiI0YpIiIlRilGKSomLUYmNiMsJComIiIkRilGKEYpRilGKTclISIiRilGNEYpRjw=NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwmKiYiIiMiIiItJSRleHBHNiMsJComRilGKiUidEdGKkYqRiohIiItRiw2IywkKiYiIiRGKkYwRipGKkYqLCZGK0YqRjJGMSwmKiYiIiVGKkYrRipGKiomRjpGKkYyRipGMVEpcHByaW50NTA2Ig==# Example 5A := matrix([[1,-2,2],[-2,1,2],[2,2,1]]);NiM+JSJBR0slJ21hdHJpeEc2IzclNyUiIiIhIiMiIiM3JUYrRipGLDclRixGLEYqUSlwcHJpbnQ1MTYievalm(A-r*I);NiNLJSdtYXRyaXhHNiM3JTclLCYiIiJGKSUickchIiIhIiMiIiM3JUYsRihGLTclRi1GLUYoUSlwcHJpbnQ1MzYidet(%)=0;NiMvLCoiI0YhIiIqJiIiKiIiIiUickdGKUYpKiYiIiRGKSlGKiIiI0YpRikqJClGKkYsRilGJiIiIQ==factor(%);NiMvLCQqJiwmJSJyRyIiIiIiJEYoRigpLCZGJ0YoRikhIiIiIiNGKEYsIiIhr1 := 3;NiM+JSNyMUciIiQ=u := vector(3);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiJDci(A-r1*I)&*u;NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiomIiIkRiglIklHRighIiIlInVHeq := evalm(%);NiM+JSNlcUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRixGLCEiIiomRitGLCZGLjYjRitGLEYwKiZGK0YsJkYuNiMiIiRGLEYsRiksKComRitGLEYtRixGLComRitGLEYyRixGLComRitGLEY1RixGMFEpcHByaW50NTg2Ig==eq1 := eq[1]=0; eq2 := eq[2]=0; eq3 := eq[3]=0;NiM+JSRlcTFHLywoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKSEiIiomRihGKSZGKzYjRihGKUYtKiZGKEYpJkYrNiMiIiRGKUYpIiIhNiM+JSRlcTJHLywoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKSEiIiomRihGKSZGKzYjRihGKUYtKiZGKEYpJkYrNiMiIiRGKUYpIiIhNiM+JSRlcTNHLywoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKUYpKiZGKEYpJkYrNiNGKEYpRikqJkYoRikmRis2IyIiJEYpISIiIiIhu[2] := v; u[3] := s;NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIyUidkc=NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiJCUic0c=u[1] := solve(eq1,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiwmJSJ2RyEiIiUic0dGJw==evalm(u);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwmJSJ2RyEiIiUic0ciIiJGKEYqUSlwcHJpbnQ2MTYiu1 := evalm(subs({s=1,v=0},evalm(u)));NiM+JSN1MUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSIiIiIiIUYpUSlwcHJpbnQ2OTYiu2 := evalm(subs({s=0,v=1},evalm(u)));NiM+JSN1MkdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSEiIiIiIiIiIVEpcHByaW50NzA2Ig==r3 := -3;NiM+JSNyM0chIiQ=u := vector(3);NiM+JSJ1Ry0lJmFycmF5RzYkOyIiIiIiJDci(A-r3*I)&*u;NiMtJSMmKkc2JCwmJSJBRyIiIiomIiIkRiglIklHRihGKCUidUc=eq := evalm(%);NiM+JSNlcUdLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwoKiYiIiUiIiImJSJ1RzYjRixGLEYsKiYiIiNGLCZGLjYjRjFGLCEiIiomRjFGLCZGLjYjIiIkRixGLCwoKiZGMUYsRi1GLEY0KiZGK0YsRjJGLEYsKiZGMUYsRjZGLEYsLCgqJkYxRixGLUYsRiwqJkYxRixGMkYsRiwqJkYrRixGNkYsRixRKXBwcmludDczNiI=eq1 := eq[1]=0; eq2 := eq[2]=0; eq3 := eq[3]=0;NiM+JSRlcTFHLywoKiYiIiUiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKUYpKiYiIiNGKSZGKzYjRi5GKSEiIiomRi5GKSZGKzYjIiIkRilGKSIiIQ==NiM+JSRlcTJHLywoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKSEiIiomIiIlRikmRis2I0YoRilGKSomRihGKSZGKzYjIiIkRilGKSIiIQ==NiM+JSRlcTNHLywoKiYiIiMiIiImJSJ1RzYjRilGKUYpKiZGKEYpJkYrNiNGKEYpRikqJiIiJUYpJkYrNiMiIiRGKUYpIiIh# Solve by Gaussian elimination:eq2 := eq2 + eq1/2;NiM+JSRlcTJHLywmKiYiIiQiIiImJSJ1RzYjIiIjRilGKSomRihGKSZGKzYjRihGKUYpIiIheq3 := eq3-eq1/2;NiM+JSRlcTNHLywmKiYiIiQiIiImJSJ1RzYjIiIjRilGKSomRihGKSZGKzYjRihGKUYpIiIheq3 := eq3-eq2; NiM+JSRlcTNHLyIiIUYm eq1;eq2;eq3;NiMvLCgqJiIiJSIiIiYlInVHNiNGJ0YnRicqJiIiI0YnJkYpNiNGLEYnISIiKiZGLEYnJkYpNiMiIiRGJ0YnIiIhNiMvLCYqJiIiJCIiIiYlInVHNiMiIiNGJ0YnKiZGJkYnJkYpNiNGJkYnRiciIiE=NiMvIiIhRiQ=u[3] := s;NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiJCUic0c=u[2] := solve(eq2,u[2]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIywkJSJzRyEiIg==u[1] := solve(eq1,u[1]);NiM+JiUidUc2IyIiIiwkJSJzRyEiIg==evalm(u);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwkJSJzRyEiIkYnRihRKXBwcmludDc0NiI=u3 := evalm(subs(s=1,%));NiM+JSN1M0dLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSEiIkYpIiIiUSlwcHJpbnQ3NTYic1*exp(r1*t)*u1 + c2*exp(r2*t)*u2 + c3*exp(r3*t)*u3;NiMsKCooJSNjMUciIiItJSRleHBHNiMsJComIiIkRiYlInRHRiZGJkYmJSN1MUdGJkYmKiglI2MyR0YmLUYoNiMsJComIiIjRiZGLUYmRiZGJiUjdTJHRiZGJiooJSNjM0dGJi1GKDYjLCQqJkYsRiZGLUYmISIiRiYlI3UzR0YmRiY=x := evalm(%);NiM+JSJ4R0slJ3ZlY3Rvckc2IzclLCgqJiUjYzFHIiIiLSUkZXhwRzYjLCQqJiIiJEYsJSJ0R0YsRixGLEYsKiYlI2MyR0YsLUYuNiMsJComIiIjRixGM0YsRixGLCEiIiomJSNjM0dGLC1GLjYjLCQqJkYyRixGM0YsRjtGLEY7LCZGNEYsRjxGOywmRipGLEY8RixRKXBwcmludDc2NiI=# Check that dx/dt = Ax:evalm(map(diff,x,t));NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwoKigiIiQiIiIlI2MxR0YqLSUkZXhwRzYjLCQqJkYpRiolInRHRipGKkYqRioqKCIiI0YqJSNjMkdGKi1GLTYjLCQqJkYzRipGMUYqRipGKiEiIiooRilGKiUjYzNHRiotRi02IywkKiZGKUYqRjFGKkY5RipGKiwmKihGM0YqRjRGKkY1RipGKiooRilGKkY7RipGPEYqRiosJiooRilGKkYrRipGLEYqRioqKEYpRipGO0YqRjxGKkY5USlwcHJpbnQ3NzYievalm(A&*x);NiNLJSd2ZWN0b3JHNiM3JSwoKigiIiQiIiIlI2MxR0YqLSUkZXhwRzYjLCQqJkYpRiolInRHRipGKkYqRioqKEYpRiolI2MyR0YqLUYtNiMsJComIiIjRipGMUYqRipGKiEiIiooRilGKiUjYzNHRiotRi02IywkKiZGKUYqRjFGKkY5RipGKiwmKihGKUYqRjNGKkY0RipGKiooRilGKkY7RipGPEYqRiosJiooRilGKkYrRipGLEYqRioqKEYpRipGO0YqRjxGKkY5USlwcHJpbnQ3ODYiTTdSMApJNlJUQUJMRV9TQVZFLzEzNjUxNTI1MlgsJSlhbnl0aGluZ0c2IjYiW2dsISIlISEhIyoiJCIkIiIiIiIhRihGKEYnRihGKEYoRic2Ig==TTdSMApJNlJUQUJMRV9TQVZFLzEzNTU5NzA1MlgsJSlhbnl0aGluZ0c2IjYiW2dsISIlISEhIyoiJCIkLCQlInJHISIiIiIhRipGKkYnRipGKkYqCkYnNiI=